She Stoops to Conquer Essay Example

She Stoops to Conquer Essay Along the way, there is an abundance of merry mix-ups, bawdy dialogue, much sly satire of the times and one of the great characters of the stage, Tony Lumpkin. She Stoops to Conquer is an hilarious comedy of errors; the marvellous humour and humanity of Goldsmiths play have made it one of the most read, performed and studied of all English comedies. Leading the cast is one of the countrys most accomplished comedy actresses. Lisa Goddard came to public attention in the hugely successful series, Take Three Girls. Since then she has worked on many of our best-known series including Pig In The Middle, The Brothers andBergerac. This pack contains information relating to the play and ideas for further exploration of the themes. It also contains an interview with Jonathan Munby (Director), Liza Goddard (Mrs. Hardcastle) Matthew Douglas (Marlow). We hope you find it useful. Helen Blackmore Education Associate Birmingham Repertory Theatre REP Insight produced by The Birmingham Repertory Thea tre Learning Participation Department, September 2007 The Birmingham Repertory Theatre Centenary Square Broad Street Birmingham B1 2EP (0121) 245 2000 www. birmingham-rep. co. k Learning Participation Department: (0121) 245 2092 [emailprotected] co. uk 3 SYNOPSIS OF THE PLAY Act One opens with Squire Hardcastle and his second wife Mrs. Hardcastle bickering. Mr. Hardcastle teases his wife about her age and her son, Tony Lumpkin, whom she had with her first husband. Tony is a mischievous man, with a love for drink and trickery, but not much else. Mrs. Hardcastle is quite determined that her spoiled and rather stupid son shall marry her niece, Constance Neville. If they marry she will be able to keep in the family Miss Nevilles fortune a casket of valuable jewels.Miss Neville and Tony Lumpkin, however, can only agree on one thing; their hatred of each other. Miss Neville is secretly pledged to another young man, Mr. Hastings, who is friends with Mr. Marlow, the son of Mr. Hardcastle ’s good friend Sir Charles. Hardcastle wants Marlow to marry his charming daughter Kate, but Marlow suffers from extreme anxiety when in the presence of young ladies of equal social standing and is barely able to speak. He suffers no such fear when in the presence of women of lower status, however, and successfully flirts with bar maids, servants and the like.The Hardcastle family are expecting the arrival of Marlow and his friend, Hastings. However, Hastings ; Marlow have lost their way and stop at the village inn to get their bearings. Tony Lumpkin is drinking within and hears of the men’s plight. Being the mischievous fellow that he is he seizes the opportunity, along with his friends, of misguiding Hastings ; Marlow and causing much merriment. He tells the men that they are so lost that they must spend the night at a local inn and directs them to the Hardcastle house which he highly recommends if they will excuse the eccentricities of the owner and his family.Neith er young Marlow nor Squire Hardcastle senses that both are victims of a hoax and duly make their way to the Hardcastle house, believing it to be an inn. When they arrive, they treat Hardcastle as the innkeeper while the squire (knowing who they are) is much incensed at the bold and impudent behaviour of his friends son. Young Hastings, as soon as he sees Constance, puts two and two together. Constance and Hastings agree to keep Marlow in ignorance and pretend that Constance and Kate, completely by coincidence, happen to be stopping the night at the inn.When introduced to Kate, Marlow can find little to say and stumbles through a half conversation. In his embarrassment he never once looks at her face. It is not surprising, therefore, that later in the evening when he sees her going about the house in the plain house dress her father insists on, he takes her for the bar maid. She encourages the deception in order to find out if he is really as witless as he seems. In her bar maids gui se she is pleasantly surprised to find him not dumb but, indeed, possessed of a graceful and ready wit.When she reveals herself as a well born but poor relation of the Hardcastle family he acknowledges his love for her. It is not until Marlow’s father Sir Charles arrives that the truth is revealed. Marlow, unaware of the bar maid’s true identity, claims he feels no love for Kate Hardcastle and dismisses any possibility of a union between them. Kate, however, claims that he has declared his love for her. She then sets about 4 revealing the truth by instructing her father and Sir Charles to hide in the room where she is about to meet with Marlow.Dressed in her plain clothes, Marlow (thinking her the bar maid) makes no secret of his feelings for her and all is revealed. Whilst all this is going on, Miss Neville and Hastings are plotting to elope. However, they cannot leave without Constance’s rightful fortune of jewels and they enlist the help of Tony Lumpkin to ac hieve this. Tony is only to happy to help, since the disappearance of Constance will put an end to his mothers meddling in his love life. All does not go according to plan though. Having successfully retrieved the jewels from his mother, Tony Lumpkin gives the jewels to Hastings, who sends them to Marlow for safe keeping.Marlow (not understanding the significance of the casket) then gives the jewels to a servant to stow away securely. The jewels end up back with their keeper, Mrs. Hardcastle. In the end, Hastings and Miss Neville are forced to come clean and declare their love. It isn’t until Tony Lumpkin refuses her hand that she is free to marry however, he doesn’t believe he can do this until he is come of age. Mr. Hardcastle then reveals that he is already of age, a fact that Mrs. Hardcastle has been keeping from him, and the play ends with two sets of lovers rightfully betrothed to one another.Illustration for She Stoops to Conquer Edwin Austin Abbey, 1885 5 CAST ; CHARACTERS MR. HARDCASTLE (Colin Baker) Hardcastle is an old fashioned man, who thinks his wife rather foolish for her love of the fashions and fancies of London. He is very fond of his daughter Kate and is keen for her to marry Marlow. MRS. HARDCASTLE (Liza Goddard) Mrs. Hardcastle is a somewhat ridiculous character who enjoys meddling in the affairs of others. Desperate to marry off her son to her niece, in order to keep the family jewels, she is selfish and foolish. KATE HARDCASTLE (Dorothea Myer-Bennett)Kate is a smart, charming woman, who uses her intelligence and cunning to win the heart of Marlow. 6 TONY LUMPKIN (Jonathan Broadbent) Tony Lumpkin is the rather spoilt son of Mrs. Hardcastle from her previous marriage. Fond of drinking and making mischief, Lumpkin amuses himself by causing havoc for others. CONSTANCE HARDCASTLE (Annie Hemingway) Constance is in love with Mr Hastings but her aunt, Mrs. Hardcastle wants her to marry her cousin Tony Lumpkin. In the end, Constance wins. SIR CHARLES MARLOW (GLYNN SWEET) An old friend of Mr. Hardcastle, Sir Charles is as keen as his friend for his son and Kate to be married. 7MARLOW (Matthew Douglas) Mr. Marlow is struck dumb when in the company of ladies of social standing. Kate’s clever tactics unite them as a couple in the end. HASTINGS (Matthew Burgess) Hastings is in love with Constance Neville and tries to elope with her so that they may escape the marriage plans of Constance’s aunt Mrs. Hardcastle who wants Constance to marry her son Tony. 8 OLIVER GOLDSMITH 1728/30-1774 †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Nov 10 1728 0r 1730 – Born in Ireland (exact year and location unknown) 1747 – His father (Rector of Kilkenny West) dies. 1749 – He gains a Bachelor of Arts in Theology ; Law from Trinity College, Dublin.He later studies Medicine at University of Edinburgh and University of Leiden, before travelling around Europe living on his wits. 1755 ; 1757 â €“ He studies at University of Padua, then later moves to London and works as an apothecary’s assistant. Addicted to gambling, Goldsmith makes some money from being a ‘hack writer’ – paid to write low quality, quickly put together articles or books. Meets Samuel Johnson (Essayist) and becomes a member of ‘The Club’ (dining and conversation club founded in 1764) of which Joshua Reynolds (Artist) is also a member. 774 – Goldsmith dies from a kidney infection Most famous works – The Deserted Village (1770 Poem), The Hermit (1765 Ballad), She Stoops to Conquer (1771 Play – first performed 1773). †¢ †¢ Oliver Goldsmith 9 18TH CENTURY ENGLAND SOCIAL CLASS During the eighteenth century, the people of England were largely divided by social class. The class that a person belonged to was decided by their wealth, the upper classes were the richest whilst the lower classes were the poorest. The middle and upper classes e njoyed the finest food, liquor and fashion available while the lower classes struggled to survive.DISEASE Disease in the cities was rife due to overcrowding, poor sanitation and living conditions. Smallpox was one of the most common illnesses. During the eighteenth century it killed an estimated 60 million Europeans. A contagious disease, it was easily passed from person to person in cramped houses and streets. When a sick person from the lower class went to hospital to seek medical help, they were often met with prejudice and ignored in favour or patients with higher social standing. Prisoners in Newgate Prison William Hogarth POVERTY The lower classes (the poor people) struggled to survive.They would often go hungry and in very low times bread was all they could get their hands on to eat. In the cities the poor people lived on the streets or in small, dirty houses with many children sharing a bed. In the countryside, farmers and their families were forced to share shelters with th eir livestock. Their homes were often made of soil, dirt or pieces of wood lashed together. 10 Gin Lane William Hogarth, 1751 EMPLOYMENT The men were largely responsible for going out to work and bringing an income into the home. Amongst the poor however, women too sought employment.Generally though, women were kept busy with the housework and other jobs cooking, brewing ale, knitting, washing, teaching their young, gardening and making butter. Some women chose to set up shops in the market and sell different products. This helped the income a lot in the lower class families. In the countryside, men were employed in physical work on farms – ploughing, planting and harvesting. During the harvest, women would assist if they didn’t have any children to mind. A Georgian market 11 EDUCATION During the eighteenth century, schools were constantly opening and closing.Fees were charged to students, to cover the teacher’s wage and books etc. The likelihood of a school sta ying open was greatly increased if the school was attended by children from wealthy families. If the majority of children were from poorer families then the school’s life was likely to be in constant jeopardy. In this way, education was only readily available to those who could afford it and the poor, unable to become educated and increase their chances of a better working life, were kept at the bottom of the social classes. University was only open to men. CLOTHINGThe clothing of the time was very decorative. The women of the upper class wore nothing but the best material and the finest crafted outfits. First they put on their linen shirts. These shirts hung down below their knees. They then tied a string around their waist fastening the shirt. The corset was next. A corset was a tightly fastened body suit made of cloth and either metal or whalebone strips. This device was used to shape the body into any figure desired. The figure of the time was comparable to an hourglass. Big on the top and bottom, but skinny in the middle.Most women are not naturally shaped like this so much strain was put on the body when a corset was worn. Women did a lot of damage to their bodies like tearing skin, and even bruising internal organs. It has also been noted that one woman actually died because her corset was tied too tight. Men usually shaved their heads and then wore wigs, as wigs were much easier to manage than a real head of hair. Men were rarely seen without their wigs on if they owned one. Also many wore three point cocked hats. Three piece suits were definitely the most common attire for men. The pants were cut really high and didn’t go past the knees.Some even carried canes. 12 Interview with Jonathan Munby (Director), Liza Goddard (playing the character of Mrs Hardcastle) and Matthew Douglas (playing the character of Marlow) Q: What are the challenges that you face in directing this play? JM: One of the first things is making sure the play reaches ou t to a contemporary audience and feels fresh and alive. The play was written in 1771 with the first performance in 1773 and it’s important to make sure that we deliver a production of this play that honours where the play has come from, that acknowledges what the play is, and that reaches out to a contemporary audience.The language is a couple of hundred years old; it’s closer to that of the Restoration period than modern English. It’s a more heightened prose than contemporary writing, so there’s the challenge of getting our mouths and our minds round the text to release it for a modern audience. We also need to make sure that we understand the period and where the play has come from well enough to do it justice – the manners, the etiquette and the protocol of the time. We’re doing the production in period, so it’s about understanding the period well enough in order to release the play.Q: In your opinion, what is this play really abou t? JM: The thing that feels most potent to me and that I know that Goldsmith was interested in is the tension between town and country and class difference. Also the snobbery that is born out of that tension – the difference between country living and town living and also the aspiration of wanting to transcend a barrier and become something other. For example a country dweller who wants to be a townie, or the tension of a town dweller arriving in the country and feeling that they’re like a fish out of water.Or, someone wishing to transcend class and discovering the tension as a result of that desire is brought brilliantly to light by the play and feels very resonant now. We still live in a London-centric country where the provinces feel second best to the capital and I think that there is a snobbery that’s born out of that. I know that this play goes to the heart of that current feeling. The other thing, which comes absolutely from Goldsmith – he was an i ndividual who found it difficult to operate in public – is shyness and fear.The expectation that we put on young people to find matches, and the expectation that we put on a young man specifically in this instance to woo and court and find a perfect match (to woo his Kate) and what happens as a result of those expectations. There’s a high stake situation and that’s a fascinating thing in the play and something that we all have an emotional connection with. Q: What do you think is the central question at the heart of the play? JM: There isn’t one global question at the heart of the play, although what is clear are the individual needs and desires of the characters.For example, Mrs. Hardcastle wants refined pleasures; she wants to transcend the rambling mansion that she lives in and to refine it, and she wants her husband to be more refined. She wants the world she lives in to be more fashionable. Marlow wants to find a peace in his life, and to find a matc h and the pressure that he’s put under is one of the obstacles to his achieving this. They’re all after something – Mr. Hardcastle wants peace as well. He wants people to stop making demands on him. 13LG: The title of course is that it’s all about Kate having to dissemble to get the man that she wants. Q: So is it a question of compromise? JM: Or a question of â€Å"what do I need to do to achieve the thing I want? † The title of the play changed – it was originally called ‘The Mistakes of a Night’ (and we intend to use that as a subtitle because the play is a series of mistakes and misunderstandings) but it was changed a day before the first performance because Goldsmith felt that it was this girl’s [Kate’s] choice to do this thing in order to get what she wants (i. . the man) and also it helps him [Marlow]. To release him. LG: So had he [Goldsmith] taken that from A Midsummer Night’s Dream? Was that his or iginal thought do you suppose – star crossed lovers and people pretending to be other than they are? JM: When it was ‘Mistakes of a Night? ’ Yes, and it was very much part of the vogue of sentimental comedy; the middle classes getting terribly worked up about their dilemmas. The original title suggests that it was just that – this middle class pursuit and it was just these little mistakes that they would get over.He wanted to defeat that idea and align us with Kate and to understand that she feels it’s a choice, a choice she is conscious of making to tame her man. Kate is no accident or arbitrary choice in terms of character name. Goldsmith wants us to see the echo of Kate in The Taming of the Shrew, and possible to view this play as a counterpoint – the tamer being tamed. Q: What does Mrs. Hardcastle represent in the world of the play? LG: Mrs. Hardcastle represents the country, and in fact it’s exactly the same today.I don’t t hink there’s ever been such a void between town and country probably since the 18th Century. People who live in towns have no idea what it’s like to live in the country – I live in the country and it’s so much alike. There’s people in the village I live in who’ve never been to London – â€Å"I’ve been to Norwich, but I’ve never been to London, I don’t know how you manage it! † And so there’s this extraordinary thing about London to someone like Mrs. Hardcastle who longs to be in London.She longs to wear the latest fashions she has to get hold of the fashions from people writing to her and getting magazines so she’s always behind – she reads last year’s Vogue and tries to make her dresses and her hair look like that. She longs to go to London and have this fine life but she’s married to this man who lives in a rambling old house in the country and never sees anybody. And s he wants for her beloved son to marry her niece who has a good fortune (although her son eventually comes into a fortune himself), so she can then live vicariously through them.Q: What would you like a young audience to identify with in the character of Mrs. Hardcastle? LG: I think a young audience will identify with this interfering old busybody of a mother, wanting her son and daughter to do one thing, while they are fully set on doing something completely different, (which I have great experience of, having children! ). I think that mothers are still the same today as they ever were, wanting their children to make a good match, wanting them to live a particular sort of life when of course they want to live their own life, which is as it should be. 4 Q: What comparisons can you draw between Mrs. Hardcastle’s view of the younger characters in the play and society’s view of the younger generation today? LG: Well I don’t think much has changed quite frankly! All the older generation still think the young are up to no good, going off with the wrong people and living a life of high licentiousness. For example Tony Lumpkin is always in the pub, always out larking around with the lads, going too fast on his horse, (driving fast cars! ), getting drunk, not attending to his lessons. I don’t think there’s any difference at all.Q: Do you find it hard to make Marlow a likeable character? The way that he behaves towards Kate when he thinks that she’s a barmaid is quite different to his behaviour in other scenes. MD: Yes, he’s quite naughty in a cheeky way but I think you’ve got to start with perspective that you really do like your character, irrespective of who they are or how bad or evil they can be. I think as an actor I have to find a way of understanding why he behaves as he does. His behaviour with Kate in the bar is perhaps not how you and I would behave, but that’s how they did and could behave at tha t time. Men still do, and so do women!I think by that point in the play we are sympathetic enough to not be alienated by that behaviour. It’s very clear by that point what drives him and what his problems are. I think that moment of release that he’s going to feel by seducing that barmaid will be key to how audiences feel. Also what’s important about that scene (and what’s my responsibility I suppose) is that he sees Kate at that point and falls in love with her, he physically falls in love with her. JM: It’s not so much an act of lust as an act of love. LG: He also behaves very morally; he doesn’t seduce the barmaid in the way that we would think.Because he’s usually so shy he feels free to enjoy female company which he can’t normally. MD: He’s not predatory I don’t think, he’s seductive. LG: He’s relaxed and able to talk; I don’t think he behaves badly. Q: If they were alive today, what do y ou think the characters of the play would find most difficult to cope with in modern day society? LG: Well Mrs. Hardcastle would love it! She’d just get fashion straight off the plate! JM: All the characters are so different. They want such different things and they ask such different things. I think they would each find a different part of society difficult.I think society is as false and hypocritical as it was in the 18th Century, and the characters would find it as problematic as it was in the 1800’s. Mr. Hardcastle would be as grumpy as he was then, he’d be exactly the same now. LG: He’d be shouting at the television now! Nowadays the upper classes have become much like the upper middle classes of the play, they’ve become completely cut off from society, and in fact some people who live in Islington and so forth and most of the people who run the country have no idea what real life is like at all so I don’t think there’s any chang e. 15FOLLOW UP IDEAS Working with the Story ‘I think that†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Use the following as starting points for discussion and debate †¢ †¢ She Stoops to Conquer is also known as The Mistakes of a Night. Which is the better title and why? The casket of jewels belonging to Constance Neville were kept by her aunt Mrs. Hardcastle. Should Constance have just taken them when she wanted them? Why didn’t she? Mr. Hardcastle is strict about the way in which Kate dresses. Why is he so? What do you think about his opinion? Marlow is unable to converse with women of equal social standing, yet he has no problem with women of a lower class.What does this suggest about him and his view/respect of women? Does Kate lower her standards in order to get her man? What do you think? Mrs Hardcastle is adamant that Constance and Tony will marry according to her arrangements. What do you think of arranged marriages? What are the pros and cons? Is Kate and Marlow’s marriage a rranged? Mrs Hardcastle has no control over her son Tony. Why is this? Hastings and Constance collude in deceiving Marlow. Why do they do this? †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ 16 FOLLOW UP IDEAS Working with the Story ‘Media Exposure’ Choose one of the events in the story to focus on and then choose a media format to work with.Create something that could be released to the media for public viewing in 2007. Use the suggestions below, or pick your own starting point. TV – The Hotel Inspector Write the script and storyboard a TV show based on The Hotel Inspector in which the characters Marlow and Hastings give their opinion on Mr. Hardcastle’s home which they believe to be an inn. TV – Blind Date Write the script and if possible film a version of Blind Date in which Hastings and Marlow pose questions to potential lovers. What questions do they ask? Include Kate and Constance in the line up of potential lovers – How do Constance a nd Kate get their men?What do they say? Swap over the roles and create a version where Kate ; Constance get to choose – How do Hastings ; Marlow ensure they are picked? TV – Panorama Write and storyboard a documentary about one of the events of the story – from what perspective will you write it? What aspect of the story will you concentrate on? Where will you set it? Which character will you focus on? It may help you to choose a question to base your programme around – What lengths would you go to to get your man? Are women cleverer than men? Does money buy you happiness? What are upper class men really like? Magazine – OK!Create a magazine article in the style of OK! Magazine which follows the wedding of Kate Hardcastle ; Marlow. Write interviews with the bride and groom and their parents. What questions would you ask them? What would their responses be? What photographs would you include? Where would they be taken? Think about the slant you migh t like to put on the article – what would the headline be? Newspaper – The Daily Mail Write an article about Mrs. Hardcastle, her marriage and her life in the country. What would she say about these things? Would the newspaper put a slant on her comments? What would the headline be?Choose a focus for the article to help you. ‘Town versus Country’ what do the wives of two respected society gentlemen think? Would Mrs. Hardcastle speak of her former husband? 17 Magazine – Heat – ‘Man of the Month’ Write an article about Tony Lumpkin which focuses on trying to get him a wife. How would you describe him as a potential suitor? What sort of woman might suit him best? What aspects of his life would you include and are there any you might think it best to leave out?! Radio – Desert Island Discs Write a radio programme which has one of the characters from the play as a special guest.What questions would the interviewer ask them and what would they talk about? What songs (from modern day) would the character choose to take with them to a deserted island and why? Radio – Jeremy Vine Write a slot for Jeremy Vine’s radio show on BBC Radio 2, which focuses on parent and child relationships. Mrs. Hardcastle could be a caller, who calls in to the show to discuss her difficulties with her son Tony. What advice might she be given? What other guests might be in the show to advise her – child psychologist? Counsellor? Doctor? Police Officer? Should Tony receive an ASBO for his behaviour at the local inn?!Radio – Quick Quiz Write a quiz for radio about the events and characters of She Stoops to Conquer. Record a slot for radio in which the quiz features and get your peers to compete to win. Think about varying the type of quiz questions, you might like to include – Who said this..? Questions about quotes, Which character did this†¦? Questions about events, What are the two names by which the play is known†¦? Questions about the play. 18 FOLLOW UP IDEAS Working with the Text ‘In my own words†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Look at the following scripts extracts, discuss the meaning and put the words into modern day language.Act I Scene I Hardcastle: (Talking about Mrs. H ; Tony) Ay, there goes a pair that only spoil each other. But is not the whole age in a combination to drive sense and discretion out of doors? There’s my pretty darling Kate! The fashions of the times have almost infected her too. By living a year or two in town, she’s as fond of gauze and French frippery as the best of them. Act I – Scene I Miss. Hardcastle: (Talking after her father has told her about Mr. Marlow) Lud, this news of papa’s puts me all in a flutter. Young, handsome; these he put last; but I put them foremost. Sensible, good-natured; I like all that.But then reserved, and sheepish, that’s much against him. Yet can’t he be cured of his timidit y, by being taught to be proud of his wife? Yes, and can’t I – but I vow I’m disposing of the husband before I have secured the lover. Act I – Scene II Miss. Hardcastle: (After her first meeting with Marlow) Ha! Ha! Ha! Was there ever such a sober sentimental interview? I’m certain he scarce looked in my face the whole time. Yet the fellow, but for his unaccountable bashfulness, is pretty well, too. He has good sense, but then so buried in his fears, that it fatigues one more than ignorance.If I could teach him a little confidence, it would be doing somebody that I know of a piece of service. But who is that somebody? – that, faith, is a question I can scarce answer. Act I – Scene II Mrs. Hardcastle: (Talking about her husband to Mr. Hastings) Yet, what signifies my dressing when I have such a piece of antiquity y my side as Mr Hardcastle: all I can say will never argue down a single button from his clothes. I 19 have often wanted him to throw off his great flaxen wig, and where he was bald to plaster it over like my Lord Pately, with powder.Hastings: You are right, madam; for, as among the ladies there are none ugly, so among the men there are none old. Mrs. Hardcastle: But what do you think his answer was? Why, with his usual Gothic vivacity, he said I only wanted him to throw off his wig to convert it into a tete for my own wearing! Act III – Scene I Mrs. Hardcastle: (Talking to Constance Neville) Indeed, Constance, you amaze me. Such a girl as you want jewels? It will be time enough for jewels, my dear, twenty years hence, when your beauty begins to want repairs. Miss Neville: But what will repair beauty at forty, will certainly improve it at twenty, madam.Act III – Scene I Maid: (Speaking to Miss Hardcastle about Miss Hardcastle’s plan to disguise herself) But what do you hope from keeping him in his mistake? Miss Hardcastle: In the first place, I shall be seen, and that is no small adv antage to a girl who brings her face to market. Then I shall perhaps make an acquaintance, and that’s no small victory gained over one who never addresses any but the idlest of her sex. But my chief aim is to take my gentleman off his guard, and like an invisible champion of romance, examine the qiant’s force before I offer to combat.There are many more sections of the text that would be interesting to use for translation into modern day language, choose the ones you think would work well. 20 FOLLOW UP IDEAS Working with the Text ‘Soap Opera’ Using the original text or a modern re-written version of your own, to create a soap opera for either radio or television. Things to consider†¦. †¢ How long will each episode be? †¢ What budget do you have for each episode, the actors, the camera †¢ What part of the country do you want the story be set in? Why? Which famous actors could you use to play the various different †¢ Would you want t he actors to use a particular accent? Why that one? †¢ What filming style would you use? Consider the various styles used by soap operas – Hollyoaks uses a very different style to Coronation Street. Things to do†¦. †¢ †¢ Create a storyboard for each episode – are there any difficulties you need to overcome in order to film/record the scenes? Write a list of all the sound effects you will need for each scene for the radio version. How will you make the sounds? characters? crew/radio studio technicians, costumes etc? 1 FOLLOW UP IDEAS Working away from the Text ; the Story ‘Before, During ; After ’ Using the text and the events of the story as stimulus, consider what else could have been written or included in the play, or write a sequel. Use the suggestions below or pick your own. Letters †¢ Write a love letter from Hastings to Constance before his arrival at the Hardcastle house. †¢ †¢ Write a letter from Hardcastle to Ma rlow, inviting his son to meet his daughter Kate. Write a letter from Mrs Hardcastle to Constance explaining the disappearance of the family jewels.Diary Entries †¢ Write a diary extract for Kate on the day that she and Marlow become betrothed. †¢ †¢ Write a diary extract for Tony Lumpkin on the day he discovers he is ‘of age’. Write a diary extract for Mr Hardcastle on the day he sees his daughter marry Marlow. Play Scripts †¢ Write a script for a scene between Mr. And Mrs. Hardcastle before the weddings of Constance ; Kate. Mr. ; Mrs. Hardcastle are shopping for clothes in London! †¢ Write a script for a scene in the local inn where Tony Lumpkin tells the story of all that has happened and tells all his friends of his future plans now that he is ‘of age’!Write a scene for the servants in which they give their opinion of what is going on in the house when Marlow and Hastings arrive. †¢ 22 USEFUL WEBSITES http://www. noelcollec tion. org Photo of Oliver Goldsmith http://en. wikipedia. org Encyclopaedia entry for She Stoops to Conquer http://www. enotes. com/she-stoops/ Notes on the play, characters, themes etc http://www. nwe. ufl. edu/~pcradd

Free Essays on Social Justice

In this section, we studied â€Å"Doing Faithjustice† by Fred Kammer, S.J. Through this article, we have learned the definition of justice as well as how to approach injustice as a Catholic Christian. Kammer explains that our world is inevitable structured in order to attempt to make life easier. However, sometimes these structures are organized in such a way that people are hurt (physically, economically, emotionally, etc.). Working for justice, he says, is formulating a plan to reform or remove these structures, and then executing this plan. Our previous studies of the Gospel of Luke explain to us the extent to which we should work at achieving this justice. Jesus devoted his life to the reform of the immoral aspects of his society, and expects us to do them same, despite any hardships. Jesus said, â€Å"You will be betrayed even by parents and brothers†¦You will be hated by all because of my name†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Based on our studies of both the Gospel according to Luke and Fred Kammer’s â€Å"Doing Faithjustice,† we can narrow the Catholic Christian definition of justice into a concise statement. Justice is, upon the analysis of our society, the correction of the â€Å"structures† (people, places, processes) deemed immoral. According to Kammer, this correction must be achieved through a â€Å"structured as well as personal† response to the systems that are not â€Å"working well†. The Gospel according to Luke teaches the importance of this response action through the example of Jesus. Through the integration of our knowledge and our faith as our inspiration, we are called to act against any opposition to our definition of justice.... Free Essays on Social Justice Free Essays on Social Justice In this section, we studied â€Å"Doing Faithjustice† by Fred Kammer, S.J. Through this article, we have learned the definition of justice as well as how to approach injustice as a Catholic Christian. Kammer explains that our world is inevitable structured in order to attempt to make life easier. However, sometimes these structures are organized in such a way that people are hurt (physically, economically, emotionally, etc.). Working for justice, he says, is formulating a plan to reform or remove these structures, and then executing this plan. Our previous studies of the Gospel of Luke explain to us the extent to which we should work at achieving this justice. Jesus devoted his life to the reform of the immoral aspects of his society, and expects us to do them same, despite any hardships. Jesus said, â€Å"You will be betrayed even by parents and brothers†¦You will be hated by all because of my name†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Based on our studies of both the Gospel according to Luke and Fred Kammer’s â€Å"Doing Faithjustice,† we can narrow the Catholic Christian definition of justice into a concise statement. Justice is, upon the analysis of our society, the correction of the â€Å"structures† (people, places, processes) deemed immoral. According to Kammer, this correction must be achieved through a â€Å"structured as well as personal† response to the systems that are not â€Å"working well†. The Gospel according to Luke teaches the importance of this response action through the example of Jesus. Through the integration of our knowledge and our faith as our inspiration, we are called to act against any opposition to our definition of justice....

Business Law Written Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Law Written Assignment - Research Paper Example An offer Is made with respect to the monetary value and a counter offer is made in return to the offer. The present facts of the case pertains to a minor entering into a contract, since any person below the age of 18years is a minor and cannot take part in a contract. Since Ty is below the age of 18 years, Roes are entitled to disaffirm Ty’s â€Å"agreement† to sell the Van-Damm artwork to Rem, obtaining the artwork back from Rem. According to the commercial lease code, every lease document has to be in signing since it is a document of contract and therefore to invoke any legal action such document must be in written format. Rem cannot invoke his rights of lease until and unless his lease is signed with the parties. Without having signed the lease agreement, he has not become party to such contract and therefore it cannot be ascertained whether he considered entering into the contract or not. The clause to terminate the document is not improper and does not curtail the rights of the individual. Every individual is given a right to exit the contract which is mentioned within the terms of the contract and such right is part and parcel of the existing structure of the contract. No, Rem would not win as there is no written agreement which has been signed between the parties. Since there is no written agreement between the parties it would be impossible to ascertain whether such a contract existed, and therefore it is impossible for Rem to prove such a fact before the court of law. If Rem were to sue Ms. Relief to enforce the terms of the Commercial Lease document (Exhibit â€Å"A†, attached) to allow Rem to lease the Beverly Hills space for his Van-Damm exhibition, would Rem

How one of the exhibit of California Academy of science relates to Essay

How one of the exhibit of California Academy of science relates to anthropology - Essay Example s very crowded as this is the place, which provides great entertainment to the whole family, as well as, great source of information regarding different things. The subjects of the exhibits range from nature to science. As there are many interesting exhibits, I visited the academy’s most popular past Earthquake exhibit, which was an amazing and immersive experience. It will not be incorrect to state that the exhibit was greatly related to anthropology (Jurmain, Kilgore and Trevathan). There were a number of art pieces that allowed the visitors to understand the anthropology of the region. In addition, some of the pieces included the walking earth, which reflected upon the message of human’s treatment of planet earth, and the reaction that the earth undertakes, as a result, such as earthquake. The most interesting dimension of the exhibit was the window view of Victorian era, which shows the visitors about impact that the earthquake had on the environment. There was a list of precautions that was provided in the ancient times in order to survive the earthquake. Thus, in such a way, the visitors can actually become aware of feelings and experiences of ancient era dividing time duration between the two earthquakes (calacademy.org). The Earthquake exhibit let me experience the continuous tremor of the city’s two major earthquakes by traveling back in the time when earthquakes hit the San Francisco and Loma Prieta. In 1906 great earthquake, which was noted 7.9-magnitude on the rector scale, wrecked San Francisco and the many aftershocks also struck the city after that earthquake. This Earthquake was the worst natural disaster of that century in the California’s history. Similarly, the Loma Prieta earthquake, which is normally known as Quake of ‘89 struck the San Francisco Bay Area, was also a big disaster for the city. The 6.9 magnitude on the rector scale earthquake was noted in the Loma Prietsa (Prentice). It should be noted that the major aim of the

17- Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

17- - Coursework Example To explain the former, this decision gives House the hope to prove his innocence in the lights of the new evidance, that is if he is innocent in the first place. Unlike as in an appeal, in habeas corpus federal court, DNA samples can be produced in this case as a new evidence which can greatly influence the decision of the Judges if the evidence goes in Houses’ favor. Now to see the effect of this decision on the society as a whole, a common citizen would have more confidence in the Judicial System and would know that he has a great chance of proving his innocence if convicted wrongly. The Judicial System over the years has been adversely affected by the cold war between the conservative and liberal governments. This trend has not allowed consistency to prevail in the Judicial System. This new decision gives a hope that the judgments made by the judiciary would neither be conservative nor liberal, but rather would be just. This decision by Justice Kennedy would be referred to by legal experts while solving cases of such nature. To those convicted wrongly, this decision would appear to them as a ray of light leading to a free life. Whether House makes his way out or not because of this decision, it certainly would give convicted people a chance to prove their innocence presenting new evidences in the future. In my personal view, the less-conservative decision made by the conservative judge is the right one, as it might not be possible in certain cases to gather and produce all or the vital evidence during the trial period. Giving the convicted a second chance for producing new evidence and arguing his way out constitutionally, cannot be termed a lenient decision on part of the convicted, but rather a fair one. Though this would lead to additional burden on the courts, but it would ensure that justice is served. Provisions have been made in the law to give a

Management within McDonalds

Management within McDonalds This report include a background of McDonalds, explanations of the topics from the weekly lecture slides, which of these option can consider to McDonalds, what option can be consider differently and a summary. McDonalds is one of the leading restaurant chains in the world, touching the lives of people everyday. The long journey of the burger brand started in 1940, when two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald opened the first McDonalds restaurant in San Bernardino, California. Initially, they owned a hotdog stand, but after establishing the restaurant they served around 25 items, which were mostly barbequed. It became a popular and profitable teen hangout. In 1948 the brothers closed and reopened the restaurant to sell only hamburgers, milkshakes and French fries. As per the information of the McDonalds history, the major revenue came from hamburgers, which were sold at a nominal price of 15 cents. The restaurant gradually became famous and the McDonald brothers begin franchising their restaurant in the year 1953.The first franchise was taken by Neil Fox and under it; the second Mc Donalds restaurant was opened in Fresno, California. It was the first to introduce the Golden Arch design. The third and fourth restaurants were opened in Saginaw, Michigan and Downey, California, respectively. The latter is the oldest Mc Donalds restaurant still in operation. In 1954, an entrepreneur and milkshake-mixer salesman, Ray Kroc, acquired the franchise of McDonalds restaurant for outside California and Arizona. In effect, Kroc opened his first and the overall ninth restaurant in Illinois, Chicago, and gave birth to Mc Donalds Corporation. In 1958 the restaurant chain sold its 100 millionth hamburger. In 1960, Kroc renamed his company as ‘McDonalds Corporation. In 1961, Kroc convinced the McDonald brothers to sell the business rights to him for a sum $2.7milion. Later that year, the Hamburger University was opened, which gave away McDonalds restaurant Bachelor of Hamburgology degrees to students. In 1963, the mascot Ronald McDonald was born as a part of a marketing strategy in US. In 1967, the first restaurant outside US was opened in Richmond, British Columbia. In 1974, the 3000th restaurant opened in Woolwich, United Kingdom, which is the first of the country. Happy Meal was introduced in US in 1979. In 1984, the company became the main sponsor of the Summer Olympics. The year was also marked by the death of Ray Kroc. In 1988, the first restaurant opened in a communist country in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, followed by the first Soviet restaurant in Moscow (1990). In 1992, the largest McDonalds was opened in Beijing, China, having over 700 seats and was later demolished. In 1993, the first sea-going restaurant was established, aboard the Finnish Cruise-ferry Silja Europe, sailing between Helsinki and Stockholm. In 1994, McDonalds bagged the Catalyst Award for its program for ‘fostering leadership development in women. In 1996, the first Indian restaurant was opened. In 2003, the company launched the ‘Im lovin it campaign. In 2005, McDonalds started its McDelivery service in Singapore. In 2006, the chain announced that it will publish nutritional information on its packaging of all its products, for the benefit of the customers. Considering the huge success and brand McDonalds has become, the food chain is spread across the world in almost all the major cities of the globe. Being economic and user friendly, the success rate of the company cannot be doubted. These are some issues and a briefly background of them. Data Delivery is all about effectively delivering business data both structured and unstructured -to people. That doesnt mean just some of it, but all of it. Data Delivery solutions enable companies to do just that with selectivity, integrity and control to executives, associates, customers, suppliers and business partners. Data Delivery recognizes that the universe of data critical to the business extends beyond a data warehouse and BI analytics. It also includes integrated reporting solutions, regulatory compliance and risk management reporting, master data and meta-data management and data quality management and governance. The purpose of RCG ITs solution is to establish the data delivery infrastructure, data management practices and data delivery processes for disseminating essential business information. Why BI project fail: Too many Business Intelligence (BI) projects fail to deliver on their promises because expectations are frequently not met, and the hard measure of success, Return on Investment (ROI), either goes unmeasured or falls woefully short. Its no good pointing the finger of accusation at the soft ware vendors or at consultants, organizations have a responsibility to their employees and stakeholders to make sound investments and maximize ROI, and in this respect many BI projects must be re-evaluated. When BI implementations that fail to deliver the anticipated ROI, there are a number of possible explanations. There is a chance that expectations will have initially been set unreasonably high, in which case the project was really doomed from the start. Management change: You must address the whole business change, not just the individual components. Business change is complex because of the interdependencies between the business environment, the organisation, its people and supporting technologies; any change in one aspect will affect one or more of the others. Cultural change is the most important consideration. For example, about 80% of the effort and resources required for successful IT-related change are or should be deployed on the soft aspects of business change, such as changing behaviours and providing training at the right time; only 20% is required for the IT.Similarly, the cost of a new building is only a small part of the total cost of change required for new ways of working. Risk Management: Risk management includes, proactive and reactive planning, triggers, monitoring and control, risk combination, Monte Carlo distribution, RM is an integral part of the overall process of Project Management Acceptable Policies: An Acceptable Use Policy (for email usage) is an official company statement on how it expects its own employees to conduct messaging on its own businessemail system. The policyshould detail the companys position on how its email users should conduct communication within and out with the company, whether for business or personal use. What are the impacts of the IT security breaches: For many businesses, the internet has replaced traditional paper-based ways of exchanging information. However, the Internet brings its own security issues which businesses must consider. People from both inside and outside business may try to gain unauthorised access to applications and information, compromising data and applications, either unintentionally or maliciously. One of the commonest security breaches is the mishandling of log-in details or passwords by employees. Typical instances of security breaches occur when passwords are written down, shared with other people or not changed frequently Globalization: There are many different definitions of globalisation, but most acknowledge the greater movement of people, goods, capital and ideas due to increased economic integration which in turn is propelled by increased trade and investment. It is like moving towards living in a borderless world. There has always been a sharing of goods, services, knowledge and cultures between people and countries, but in recent years improved technologies and a reduction of barriers means the speed of exchange is much faster. Globalisation provides opportunities and challenges. Bigger markets can mean bigger profits which leads to greater wealth for investing in development and reducing poverty in many countries. Risk: In business today, risk plays a critical role. Almost every business decision requires executives and managers to balance risk and reward. Effectively managing the business risks is essential to an enterprises success. Select System: Select Information Systems is an established IT Consultancy with a large portfolio of private and public clients. Many Clients are using software which designed and developed to satisfy their demanding, business requirements, employing technologies which integrate with their chosen, existing IT architecture. Outsourcing: Outsourcing is contracting with another company or person to do a particular function. Almost every organization outsources in some way. Typically, the function being outsourced is considered non-core to the business. An insurance company, for example, might outsource its janitorial and landscaping operations to firms that specialize in those types of work since they are not related to insurance or strategic to the business. The outside firms that are providing the outsourcing services are third-party providers, or as they are more commonly called, service providers According to globalization, McDonalds training programs are delivered in up to 40 languages, with the primary languages being Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), English (both International/Commonwealth and U.S.), French, German, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese and Spanish for the top markets. The training materials consist of two elements: core content which applies globally for maintaining consistent food quality and services worldwide, and locale-specific content based on local menu items, food safety regulations and labour practices. The company continues to invest and support initiatives to adapt its products and services to different locales to ensure its global. McDonalds outsourcing: Fourteen McDonalds in Oregon and south-eastern Washington have been linked to the call center operated by SEI-CCS Inc. a Fargo, N.D.-based company that works closely with McDonalds. The call taker in Grand Forks enters your order into a computer and relays it back to the home restaurant, where it pops up on a screen in the kitchen. Meanwhile, a digital camera photographs your car as you drive through. The photo pops up on a separate screen next to the order at the drive-through cashiers window to match the order with the car. A total of 50 McDonalds are expected to be on line within a few months, including seven more of Adams restaurants and five in the Portland area, he said. McDonalds Management change: The changes have been implemented for enhancing the promotional and advertising campaign of the company and to make the company more competitive and adjust the organization to the existing changes emerging with its internal and external environment not bring it to its downturn.With the change management process implemented by McDonald, there is certain resistance or conflicts that have been encountered. The following are resistance faced by McDonald and its plausible solutions to be taken: perception or reaction of McDonalds employees and customers, McDonalds organizational culture and absence of support. Therefore, it is concluded that, changes of management is not bad as long as the changes made can really enhance the competitiveness and strength of an organisation.It is effective, if and only if, a thorough investigation and evaluation of the organizations performance has made. And if the study suggests that there is a need for change, then that is the only time, the organisation should imposed required changes to be done. Because, change of management system is very critical or crucial, one wrong move, the company, might faced its biggest downturn instead of strengthen and expand its business portfolio and survive to the stiff competition in the business arena. It is recommended that McDonald must see to it that the changes are well planned and implemented carefully, because these will the basis for the success and/or failure of any organisation. McDonalds project failed: A projects scope is too monolithic and gargantuan. In 2001, McDonalds planned to spend $1 billion over five years to tie all of its operations into a real-time digital network. Eventually, executives in company headquarters would have been able to see how soda dispensers and frying machines in every store were performing, at any moment. But after just two years, the fast-food giant threw in the towel. As a manager at McDonalds, I would have added in all the restaurant global, delivery service, where McDonalds car or motorbikes will deliver food to the customers indoors. This will raise McDonalds profit and make the customers very happy. Also a healthier diet actually these days will make McDonalds world wide the biggest food restaurant and keep the company to the top. For example in Greece much more people would prefer McDonalds if the food was healthier, because Greek people have on their mind that McDonalds food it is not healthier, maybe introducing a kind of a healthier menu in Greece will bring more customers to McDonalds in Greece. Also, management changes are an excellent way of introducing new menu, but I believe these days it is not necessary for McDonalds to be over advertising. It is better to find a way to launch healthier diet and to deliver them than keep advertising. Because McDonalds is already known and profitable. Last but not least, a good marketing research to overlap with other companies or restaurant might increase McDonalds customers. To sum up with, McDonalds is the biggest food restaurant, it is following the best way to launch new products and come up with the best solutions to any kind of problem. There are just a few issues that need to be differently according to my opinion. Last but not least if McDonalds follow these kinds of issues and in a correct way it will continue being the best food restaurant for years.

Same-Sex Marriage Essay -- Homosexual Gay Lesbian Papers

Same-Sex Marriage Many people believe that marriage is an integral part of their lives. Currently, marriage is defined within the parameters of a partnership of one man and one woman. Under Canadian common law, a same-sex couple cannot get married and the government refuses to acknowledge homosexuals as equals. Prohibiting same-sex marriages in legislation is discrimination. Denying homosexuals the ability to form this bond violates freedom of expression, equality rights for minorities, and freedom of religion, provisions present in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. This is an issue of equality, security and freedom. If gays are denied the basic human right of marriage, one must ask the question: where does society stand today? This issue is controversial because many fear that marriage as an institution will be destroyed if same-sex marriage is passed through legislation. Really, there is no compelling reason to believe that legalizing gay marriage would affect traditional marriage, that is, if a traditional marriage even exists. Public opinion is considerably more tolerant of homosexuality than it has been in the past, but lesbian and gay communities nevertheless suffer from discrimination due to their sexual orientation. While it is "discriminatory and unethical to say that you have to be straight to have rights and to be accepted as a human being" (Steirs 164), many people oppose gay marriage because they assume that gays have a choice in who they can feel attracted to, and the reality is quite different. Through rapid advances in genetic research and biotechnology, many scientists have confirmed that sexual orientation is in... ...n Network Ltd. 1993. Moore, Leah. Points in Defense of Gay Marriage. 21 April 2001. (3 November 2002). Rauch, Jonathan. "Anything but Marriage?" The Atlantic Monthly May 2002. Robinson, B.A. Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. 9 November, 2002. (10 November 2002). Stiers, Gretchen A. From This Day Forward. Commitment, Marriage, and Family in Lesbian and Gay Relationships. St. Martins Press: New York. 1999. Tessina, Tina. Gay Relationships for Men and Women, Los Angeles: Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc,1989. Vanasco, Jennifer. "Families United in Law". Chicago Free Press 13 February 2002. Vincent, Norah. "A lot of Hooey on Same-Sex Marriage; Gays Didn't Wreck Marriage". Los Angeles Times 9 August 2001.